NS 101 (Spring 24) • Natural Science 101 • Final

Kursa Başlamadan Önce

Bacterial Cell I

Bacterial Cell II: Outer Compartments

Bacterial Cell III: Inner Compartments

Bacterial Classification

Shapes of Bacteria

Viruses I

Viruses II: Shapes

Antimicrobial Drugs

Production of Antibiotics

Antibiotic Resistance I: Introduction

Antibiotic Resistance II: Receiving Resistance Genes

Antibiotic Resistance III: Mutations

Resistance Mechanisms: Overview

Resistance Mechanisms I: Decreasing the Permeability

Resistance Mechanisms II: Decreasing the Concentration

Resistance Mechanisms III: Inactivation

Resistance Mechanism IV: Target Modification

Resistance Mechanisms V: Target Amplification

Resistance Mechanisms: Summary

Natural Selection of Resistant Bacteria

Causes of Antibiotic Resistance

Effects of Antibiotic Resistance

Protection Against Infections

Special Topic: COVID-19

Exponential Population Growth: Introduction

Exponential Population Growth: Formula

Logistic Population Growth

Concept Maps

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General Principles of Antibiotics

What is Protein?

Central Dogma

History of Genetic Material

Nucleotides: I

Nucleotides: II

DNA Structure

Binary Fission

DNA Replication I: Introduction

DNA Replication II: Enzymes

DNA Replication III: Direction

Targets of Antibiotics I: Replication

Special Topic: Coronavirus

Transcription: I

RNA Types

RNA vs. DNA

Transcription II: Mechanism

Targets of Antibiotics II: Transcription

Translation I: Components

Translation II: Steps

Translation III: The Genetic Code

Targets of Antibiotics III: Translation

Proteins I: Folding

Proteins II: Synthesis

Proteins III: Functions

Mutations I

Mutations II

DNA Sequencing

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Helpful Formulas for Calculations of Mutation Rates

Mutation Rates: Bacteria vs. Human

Antibiotic Treatment

Caution: Before Exam-like Questions

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Surface-to-Volume Ratio

Cell Membrane, Passive and Active Transport

Random Walk I: Introduction

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and Formula

What is Diffusion?

One-Dimensional Random Walk: Introduction

One Dimensional Random Walk: Model

Distance in One Dimensional Random Walk

Generalized Random Walk Formula I

One Dimensional Random Walk: Diffusion Coefficient and Distance Formula

Two Dimensional Random Walk

Three Dimensional Random Walk

Generalized Random Walk Formula II

Biased Random Walks

Microscopic Diffusion Coefficient: Summary

Macroscopic Diffusion Coefficient: Temperature I

Macroscopic Diffusion Coefficient: Temperature II

Macroscopic Diffusion Coefficient: Particle Size

Macroscopic Diffusion Coefficient: Viscosity

Macroscopic Diffusion Coefficient: The Formula

Macroscopic vs. Microscopic Diffusion Coefficient Formulas

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Drug-Target Interactions: Range of Attraction

Toy Models I

Toy Models II

Toy Models III

Diffusion Activation Energy

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History of Atomic Theories

Modern Atom Theory I

Modern Atom Theory II

Periodic Table I

Periodic Table II

Electrostatic Potential Energy

Molecule Formation

Bond Strength: Practice

Spring-Bond Model I: Formula

Spring-Bond Model II: Width of Potential Energy Curve

Bonded and Non-Bonded Interactions: Introduction

Covalent and Ionic Bonds

Bond Types and Electronegativity Differences

Dipole Moment and Polarity I

Dipole Moment and Polarity II

Dipole Moment and Polarity III: Two Examples

Molecular Symmetry Effect on Polarity

Polarity of Proteins

Molecular Representations

Non-Bonded Interactions I: Introduction

Non-Bonded Interactions II: Electrostatic Interactions

Non-Bonded Interactions III: van Der Waals Interactions-I

Non-Bonded Interactions III: van der Waals Interactions-II

Non-Bonded Interactions III: van der Waals Interactions-III

Non-Bonded Interactions III: van der Waals Interactions-IV

Non-Bonded Interactions IV: Hydrogen Bond-I

Non-Bonded Interactions IV: Hydrogen Bond-II

A Useful Guideline for Question Solving

Formula Sheet

Special Topic: Transmembrane Proteins

Useful Tables to Solve Questions

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Evolution and Natural Selection

Population Genetics: Introduction

Population Genetics: Genotype and Gamete Frequencies

Hardy-Weinberg Equation: Assumptions and The Formula

Macroevolution and Speciation

Phylogeny

Exam-like Questions: Phylogeny Construction

Exam-like Questions: H-W Equation

Sample Final PDF

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